You are currently browsing the Information and communication technology category.
Bioelectronics History One can state that bioelectronics is quite an old scientific research area although the actual term, bioelectronics can be traced back to the mid- 1970s. The first attempts to integrate biology and electronic devices have been associated to medical development in for example the development of the electrocardiograph. Electrocardiograph is the recording of [...]
Neuroelectronics History Neuroelectronics, sometimes referred to as neurotechnology, is the discipline that deals with the interface between the human nervous system and electronic devices. It is a highly complex and interdisciplinary field with contributions from computer science, cognitive science, neurosurgery and biomedical engineering. Neuroelectronics has roughly three related branches: (1) neuroimaging, (2) brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), [...]
Virtual/Augmented Reality Similar to[1]: ·Virtual worlds: mainly referring to entertainment when virtual reality refers more to utilities ·Mixed reality: mainly used in entertainment applications where different kinds of realities are mixed. Augmented reality on the other hand refers to situations where reality is augmented with some other elements. ·Metaverse: vision of an immersive 3D virtual [...]
Robotics History The term “robot” was derived from early 20th century literature (Čapek 1920) to denote machines that are apparently able to work independently of direct human control. There is currently no uniform agreed definition of “robot”, although the International Standard Organisation (ISO) 8373 defines them as “an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulator programmable in [...]
Quantum Computing History Blackbody Radiation The technology of quantum computing is based on the idea of extending classical information theory. This is done by combining it with the concept of quantum physics and thereby enhancing computer science, which has so far been reduced to a binary architecture, built on transistor systems. Hereby the theory of [...]
Neuroelectronics History Neuroelectronics, sometimes referred to as neurotechnology, is the discipline that deals with the interface between the human nervous system and electronic devices. It is a highly complex and interdisciplinary field with contributions from computer science, cognitive science, neurosurgery and biomedical engineering. Neuroelectronics has roughly three related branches: (1) neuroimaging, (2) brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), [...]
Human-Machine Symbiosis History Human-machine symbiosis can be traced back to Licklider who in 1960 envisaged a situation where machines could work side by side with humans. Licklider’s vision was that humans and machines could be coupled together and work interactively. He stated the following: Man-computer symbiosis is an expected development in cooperative interaction between men [...]
Future Internet Related terms: Web 3.0, Internet of Things, Real World Internet, Semantic Web, Intelligent Web, Internet of Services History The development of digital information networks begun in the U.S.A. in the 1960’s at the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)[1] and as a result the first network called ARPANET was opened between four American universities [...]
Cloud Computing Similar to: ·Utility Computing ·On-Demand Computing History The history of cloud computing as a concept that would deliver computing resources to different locations through a global network can be said to have originally been introduced in the sixties by Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider often shortened to J.C.R Licklider. J.C.R Licklider’s idea of an [...]
Artificial Intelligence History Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a diverse field of R&D dealing with machine intelligence. Its underlying concepts reach back many centuries into Greek philosophy and mathematics. The idea of universal computation has been discussed in connection with concepts for computational devices since at least the times of Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace. Alan [...]